5 Eritrea
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Eritrea
may have gold and copper to mine, but 80 percent of its citizens farm
and fewer than seven out of 10 can read and write. In this land that
borders Sudan and Ethiopia along the Red Sea, farmers struggle with
repeated droughts and a lack of labor caused by the government's strict
military draft. Eritrea's poverty is evidenced by its per capita GDP of
$777.4 Burundi
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Twice
as many people live in Burundi as in the state of Maryland, although
the two are similar in size. Nine out of 10 Burundians rely on farming
to survive. Droughts and commodity prices affect their income from major
crops such as tea and coffee, one reason why the country's per capita
PPP gross national product of $640 makes it the world's fourth poorest.
Less than 2 percent of the population has electricity in this rural
socie3 Zimbabwe
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Landlocked
Zimbabwe's $516 per capita PPP gross national product makes it the
third least affluent nation. This African country, rich in natural
resources, underwent a turbulent decade that included war and
ineffective economic policies. Primarily an agrarian economy, Zimbabwe
experiences frequent droughts, which play havoc with its ability to meet
its own food needs and produce cash crops such as grain and tobacco.
Mining copper, gold, coal and diamonds offers potential for job creation
and economic expansion.2 Liberia
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Nearly
two-thirds of Liberians live on less than $1 a day. This
civil-war-ridden country, about the size of Tennessee, has a per capita
GDP of $490. Located along the Atlantic coast of Africa, Liberia has an
ideal climate for agriculture—its primary industry—and rice, its number
one crop. Timber harvesting and diamond mining represent prime
opportunities for Liberia to capitalize on its natural resources.1 Democratic Republic of Congo
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Despite
achieving a decade of economic growth, the Democratic Republic of
Congo, formerly Zaire, ranked dead last in GDP per capital in 2011,
according to "Global Finance" magazine. Congo's economy generates $364
per person. This African nation, the 19th most populous in the world,
sits on vast deposits of gold, coltan and other natural resources.
Corruption within its mining industry has pushed away foreign buyers and
shackled employment prospects.
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